Bearing capacity of steel components

Practice shows that the greater the force, the greater the deformation of the steel component. However, when the force is too large, the steel components will break or undergo severe and significant plastic deformation, which will affect the normal operation of the engineering structure. In order to ensure that engineering materials and structures work normally under load, each steel component is required to have sufficient load-bearing capacity, also known as load-bearing capacity. The load-bearing capacity is mainly measured by the sufficient strength, stiffness and stability of the steel components.

sufficient strength
Strength refers to the ability of steel components to resist damage (fracture or permanent deformation). That is, the ability to work safely and reliably without yielding failure or fracture failure under load. Strength is a basic requirement that all load-bearing members must meet, and therefore is the focus of learning.

sufficient strength
Stiffness refers to the ability of steel components to resist deformation. If the steel component undergoes excessive deformation after being stressed, it will not work properly even if it is not damaged. Therefore, steel members must have sufficient stiffness, that is, stiffness failure is not allowed to occur. Stiffness issues have different requirements for different types of components. Please refer to relevant standards and specifications when applying.

stability
Stability refers to the ability of steel components to maintain their original balanced form (state) under the action of external forces.

Loss of stability is the phenomenon that when the pressure increases to a certain extent, the steel component suddenly changes its original balance form, which is referred to as instability. Some thin-walled components under pressure may also suddenly change their original balance form and become unstable. Therefore, these steel components should be required to have the ability to maintain their original balance form, that is, to have sufficient stability to ensure that they will not become unstable and damaged under the specified conditions of use.

The instability of the pressure rod usually occurs suddenly and is very destructive, so the pressure rod must have sufficient stability.

In summary, in order to ensure that steel components work safely and reliably, the components must have sufficient load-bearing capacity, that is, sufficient strength, stiffness and stability. These are the three basic requirements to ensure the safe operation of the components [1]